[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.rtcom.cz\/internet-a-jeho-historie\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.rtcom.cz\/internet-a-jeho-historie\/","headline":"Internet a jeho historie","name":"Internet a jeho historie","description":"Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, \u017ee pod pojmem internet si nep\u0159edstav\u00edme nic hmotn\u00e9ho, fyzick\u00e9ho. Jen zapneme po\u010d\u00edta\u010d a on je tam. Ale ve skute\u010dnosti je internet hmotnou technologi\u00ed, kter\u00e1…","datePublished":"2019-07-11","dateModified":"2023-05-02","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.rtcom.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.rtcom.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1aa4d33840e2afc29128e2a456d425ca0d17b173c888af2db652b1d34fe6f93d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1aa4d33840e2afc29128e2a456d425ca0d17b173c888af2db652b1d34fe6f93d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"rtcom.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.rtcom.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a350046_w2823_t1564921041.png","url":"https:\/\/www.rtcom.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a350046_w2823_t1564921041.png","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.rtcom.cz\/internet-a-jeho-historie\/","wordCount":364,"articleBody":"Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, \u017ee pod pojmem internet si nep\u0159edstav\u00edme nic hmotn\u00e9ho, fyzick\u00e9ho. Jen zapneme po\u010d\u00edta\u010d a on je tam. Ale ve skute\u010dnosti je internet hmotnou technologi\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se d\u00e1 ozna\u010dit jako celosv\u011btov\u00e1 s\u00ed\u0165 navz\u00e1jem propojen\u00fdch po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f, p\u0159es kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017eeme vz\u00e1jemn\u011b komunikovat. To, \u017ee se m\u016f\u017eeme k\u00a0s\u00edti internetu p\u0159ipojit, je umo\u017en\u011bno poskytovatelem internetov\u00e9ho p\u0159ipojen\u00ed. Pokud bychom cht\u011bli nahl\u00e9dnout do historie internetu, tak prvn\u00ed vize po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b byla prob\u00edran\u00e1 koncem \u010dty\u0159ic\u00e1t\u00fdch let minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed.V\u00a0roce 1958 do\u0161lo k\u00a0zalo\u017een\u00ed agentury ARPA, pozd\u011bji DARPA. Zde se jednalo v\u00a0podstat\u011b o grantovou agenturu pro \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed kr\u00e1tkodob\u00fdch projekt\u016f v\u00a0mal\u00fdch t\u00fdmech. Uveden\u00e1 agentura m\u011bla za \u00fakol zajistit v\u00a0takzvan\u00e9m obdob\u00ed \u201estuden\u00e9 v\u00e1lky\u201c obnovu vedouc\u00edho technologick\u00e9ho postaven\u00ed USA. V\u00a0roce 1969 byla uvedena do provozu s\u00ed\u0165 ARPA-NET se \u010dty\u0159mi uzly, kter\u00e9 p\u0159edstavovaly po\u010d\u00edta\u010de na univerzit\u00e1ch v\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stech USA. Tato s\u00ed\u0165 byla decentralizovan\u00e1, nem\u011bla tedy snadno zni\u010diteln\u00e9 centrum, co\u017e bylo pro obdob\u00ed nebezpe\u010d\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edho sv\u011btov\u00e9ho konfliktu z\u00e1sadn\u00ed.Slu\u017eby internetu \u00a0U\u017eivatel\u00e9 internetu maj\u00ed mo\u017enost v\u00a0jeho r\u00e1mci vyu\u017e\u00edvat \u0161irok\u00e9 spektrum jeho slu\u017eeb. \u010c\u00edm jsou tyto slu\u017eby zaji\u0161t\u011bny? Pomoc\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdch program\u016f, kter\u00e9 mezi sebou komunikuj\u00ed pomoc\u00ed protokol\u016f, kter\u00e9 nejsou normami, ale jedn\u00e1 se o mo\u017en\u00e1 doporu\u010den\u00ed. Ta se sna\u017e\u00ed v\u0161ichni \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci dodr\u017eovat, proto\u017ee jen d\u00edky tomu je dosa\u017eena bezprobl\u00e9mov\u00e1 komunikace. Z\u00a0uveden\u00e9ho vych\u00e1z\u00ed i dobrovolnost dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto protokol\u016f, kter\u00e1 je spojena se svobodn\u00fdm fungov\u00e1n\u00edm samotn\u00e9ho internetu. K\u00a0slu\u017eb\u00e1m internetu nap\u0159\u00edklad pat\u0159\u00ed e-mail (elektronick\u00e1 po\u0161ta), www (syst\u00e9m webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nek, kter\u00e9 jsou zobrazov\u00e1ny pomoc\u00ed webov\u00e9ho prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010de), instant messaging (online, p\u0159\u00edm\u00e1 komunikace mezi u\u017eivateli internetu), FTP (p\u0159enos soubor\u016f), p\u0159ipojen\u00ed ke vzd\u00e1len\u00e9mu po\u010d\u00edta\u010di a dal\u0161\u00ed slu\u017eby a protokoly.\u00a0                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4.1\/5 - (8 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Internet a jeho historie","item":"https:\/\/www.rtcom.cz\/internet-a-jeho-historie\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]